The Civil Society of Ancient Rome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47134/pssh.v2i2.283Keywords:
Rome, Community, Antiquity, Avila Gelli, Petelius, Magistrates, Collective, Citizenship, IdeologyAbstract
The article explores the Roman concept of civitas, which defined their society as a civil collective bound by shared rights, duties, politics, religion, and ideology. Cicero described civitas as encompassing common laws, justice, and social ties. Unlike Greek polis, Roman citizenship was managed by high magistrates like the censor, emphasizing a hierarchical structure. Roman voting operated on a "one centuria - one vote" principle, differing from the Greek model, and Romans extended more rights to outsiders. Land ownership linked citizenship, with communal land (ager publicus) available for rent. The city boundary (pomerium) had religious importance, protecting civic life. The Romans valued freedom (libertas) and upheld collective values like dignity, courage, and piety. Ancestral customs (mores maiorum) and historical memory were central, maintained through ceremonies and funerary traditions. Debate exists on whether the Roman civitas was a state, with differing views across German, Anglo-American, and Southern European historians. Scholars also disagree on how long the civitas remained a polis-like entity, with opinions ranging from its decline in the 1st century BC to its influence in the Mediterranean empire.
References
Alima, B. (2014). X? zirg'i zaman global'las'yu mash? alalary: ?? diri x? m?? teri. Vestnik Karakalpakskogo universiteta, 25(4), 68-75.
Alimbetov, Y. (2017). Problema vzaimosvyazi natsional'nogo i obshchechelovecheskogo. In Aktual'nye problemy mnogourovnevoy yazykovoy podgotovki v usloviyakh modernizatsii vysshego obrazovaniya (pp. 12-16)
Alimbetov, Yu., & Kamalova, Kh. S. (2020). Qarqalpaqstan Respublikası ta’lim sistemasınıñ iskerlik ma’selesi haqqında. Zhurnal Sotsial'nykh Issledovaniy, 3(2).
Beglenov, N. (2023). Marketing strategiyasini rivojlantirishning nazariy jihatlari (Theoretical aspects of developing marketing strategies). Innovations in Technology and Science Education, 2(9), 1358–1363.
Beglenov, N., & Mamutova, K. M. (2022). Perspektivy povysheniya effektivnosti ispol'zovaniya marketingovykh kommunikatsiy v sfere uslug (Prospects for improving the effectiveness of marketing communications in the service sector). Ekonomika i Sotsium, (5-1(96)), 332–336.
Berdimuratova, A. (2017). Massalyq mädeniyat sosialdyq qūbylys sypatynda. Vestnik Karakalpakskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta imeni Berdakha, 34(1), 52-55.
Berdimuratova, A. K. (1999). Obostrenie ekologicheskogo krizisa v sredneaziatskom regione (na materialakh Priaral'ya). Filosofiya i Obshchestvo, (2), 128-139.
Berdimuratova, A. K. (2023). Peculiarities of the phenomenon of spirituality in the understanding of human identity. In Фундаментальная и прикладная наука: состояние и тенденции развития (pp. 525-545).
Gelzer, M., & Ungern-Sternberg, J. (1983). Die Nobilität der römischen Republik; Die Nobilität der Kaiserzeit (2., durchgesehene Aufl.). Stuttgart: B. G. Teubner. (Teubner Studienbücher).
Kutlu, I. (2024). A comparative approach to using photogrammetry in the structural analysis of historical buildings. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2023.102298
Lin, R. (2024). A comparative study of Naxi clothing in modern Chinese and foreign survey records and historical records. Journal of Silk, 61(9), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-7003.2024.09.015
Macdonald, L. (2020). Civil society. The Routledge Handbook to the Political Economy and Governance of the Americas, 297–307. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351138444-30
Mezheritskiy, Ya. Yu. (2016). Vosstanovlennaya respublika imperatora Avgusta. Moscow: Universitet Dmitriya Pozharskogo. pp. 129, 752, et al.
Nurimbetov, R. I., & Beglenov, N. D. (2021). Osobennosti primeneniya tsifrovogo marketinga v usloviyakh biznesa (Features of digital marketing application in business conditions). In Upravlenie v XXI veke—problemy i perspektivy (pp. 440–444).
Nurnazar, P. (2022). Ecology of the soul: Culture, morality, spirituality. Indiana Journal of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2(2), 5-8.
Pirnazarov, N. (2021). Structural model of spirituality as a philosophical phenomenon. Адам әлемі, 88(2), 10-17.
Smyslyayev, A. L. (2003). Narod, vlast', zakon v pozdnerespublikanskom Rime (po povodu kontseptsii F. Millara). Vestnik drevney istorii, (3), 46–60.
Sriwiset, P., & Nurnazar, P. (2022). The protection of patents on animal-related inventions: Thailand’s problems and solutions. Res Militaris, 12(1), 73-85.
Uli, P. N. R. (2021). Development of a Person’s Spirituality in Dialogue with Another. Zien Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 133-135.
Utchenko, S. L. (1977). Politicheskie ucheniya drevnego Rima, III–I vv. do n. e. Moscow: Nauka. pp. 43, 55, 66.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Allamuratov Anvar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
