Assessment of Nurses' Performance in Caring for Cancer Patients in Kirkuk City: a Cross Sectional Study

Authors

  • Hamdiya Dahham Muhammed University of Kirkuk
  • Yousif Abdulmuhsin Salih University of Kirkuk

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47134/phms.v3i2.586

Keywords:

Nurses' Performance, Cancer Care, Oncology Nursing, Kirkuk City, Cross-Sectional

Abstract

Cancer is considered one of the major  issues in the twenty-first century. It's one of the leading causes of death and a barrier to life expectancy, globally. Its burden expected to increase worldwide from 2020 and throughout the  first half of the 21st century. Nurses as one of the medical team are considered at the frontline in mitigating this increasing, through their contributions in patients care with their diversity of care roles and responsibilities in cancer care. This study aimed to assess oncology nurses level of performance in cancer care in Kirkuk City.  a descriptive (cross sectional) design conducted at Oncology and Hematology Center in Kirkuk City, Iraq. An observational checklist used to collect data of 81 nurse in the time line between February 15th, 2025 to March 27th,2025. nurses showed an overall weak adherence to cancer care protocols in general(PGMS=24.28%), where nurses scored low levels in both the  " Supportive and psychological nursing care" and "Nursing care throughout chemotherapy treatments" with a Percentile Grand/Global Mean of Score (PGMS) of 8.80%,and 8.82% respectively; while they showed a moderate level in regard to "Nursing care prior to handling chemotherapeutic agents", (PGMS=56.02%). No relationship accounted between Nurses' performance level and the studied respondent's socio-demographics(age, educational background, and years of experience), since no significant a contingency coefficients are accounted at P>0.05, except in regard of gender variable (CC = 0.249) at the value of P < 0.05,showing a better advantage for male over females. The findings indicates a weak adherence to the protocols regarding cancer patient care, indicating the need for further focus on the provision of continuous trainings. Furthermore, the  findings of the study  allow us to make the assumption that nurses' age , educational qualification, and experience doesn't necessarily have to  play a significant role in the evaluation of nurse competence and quality of nursing care provided in all of the environments.

References

Abdullah, D. A. H., & Rasheed, O. H. (2018). Nursing staff knowledge regarding safe chemotherapy administration at oncology center in Kirkuk City. Kirkuk Univ J, 13(1), 144–155.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.32894/kujss.2018.142401

Abdalla, H. H. (2022). Nurses' knowledge and practices about oral mucositis of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in Sulaimani City/Iraq. Mosul Journal of Nursing, 10(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.33899/mjn.2022.170459

Adly, R. M., Ismail, S. S., & Saleh, S. M. A. (2020). Assessment of nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding the application of safety standard precautions in pediatric critical care. International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing, 7(3), 524–543.‏

Al-Hasnawi, A. A., & Aljebory, M. K. A. (2023). Relationship between nurses' performance and their demographic characteristics. Journal Port Science Research, 6(1), 11–15.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.36371/port.2023.1.3

Aljohani, F. R., Alenezi, M. M. S., Aljohani, M. R., Alerwi, N. A., Almohammadi, S. M., Alzahrani, M. A. A., ... & Alkhusayfi, F. M. (2024). Critical analysis of the role of oncology nurses in holistic cancer care. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(8), 4173–4183.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5071

Al–Naqeeb Abdulkhaleq Ali Ghalib. (2007). Suggested technique for estimation of relative smoothed grade for contaminated data in spectral analysis by using robust general maximum likelihood methods of Al-Naqeeb and Thomson. Al Rafedian Scientific Journal, No. 21, 116–128. Iraq.

American Association of Managed Care Nurses. (2025). What does an oncology nurse do? Career overview, roles, jobs. Retrieved April 26, 2025, from https://careers.aamcn.org/career/oncology-nurse

Anisa, N. R., Erika, K. A., & Rachmawaty, R. (2018). Nurse’s spiritual care competencies to patient with end stage breast cancer. International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS), 7(4), 268.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v7i4.14742

Ayele, A., Tsige, Y., & Boka, A. (2023). Nurses’ knowledge and care practices for infection prevention in chemotherapy-induced neutropenic patients. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 19, 100604.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2023.100604

Baez, Y. K. (2014). Nurses’ knowledge toward breast cancer in Azady Teaching Hospital. Mosul Journal of Nursing, 2(1), 46–50.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.33899/mjn.2014.162928

Barbour-Taylor, T., Mueller (Sabato), L., Paris, D., & Weaver, D. (2024). Pharmacology for nurses (Section 8.2: Chemotherapeutic drugs). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/pharmacology/pages/8-2-chemotherapeutic-drugs

Bray, F., Laversanne, M., Weiderpass, E., & Soerjomataram, I. (2021). The ever-increasing importance of cancer as a leading cause of premature death worldwide. Cancer, 127(16), 3029–3030. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.33587

Dia’a, A. L., & Ibrahim, R. H. (2016). Assessment of cancer patient’s satisfaction regarding nurses’ communication skills in Azadi Teaching Hospital/Oncology Unit. Read and Write, 20, 16–6.‏

Gasat, V. J. P., & Remon, A. R. (2024). Competency of oncology nurses in the safe handling of chemotherapeutic drugs. Acta Medica Philippina, 1–12.‏

Hussain, B., & Abdulkareem, A. (2023). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses about handling antineoplastic drugs at Hiwa Hospital in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani–Part A, 25(1), 14–14.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10895

Iacorossi, L., Gambalunga, F., Muzio, M. D., Terrenato, I., Sayed, S. E., Ricci, F., Pulimeno, L. A., & Notarnicola, I. (2020). Role and skills of the oncology nurse: An observational study. Annali di Igiene: Medicina Preventiva e di Comunità, 32(1), 27–37.

Ibraheem, S. W., Kamal, M. S., & AlShadood, N. S. (2022). Role of intraoperative frozen section evaluation of sentinel lymph node in breast carcinoma. Kirkuk Journal of Medical Sciences, Original Research. https://doi.org/10.32894/kjms.2022.136169.1037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32894/kjms.2022.136169.1037

Janssens, O., Andreou, V., Embo, M., Valcke, M., De Ruyck, O., Robbrecht, M., & Haerens, L. (2024). The identification of requirements for competency development during work-integrated learning in healthcare education. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 427.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05428-9

Kalsoom, Z., Victor, G., Virtanen, H., & Sultana, N. (2022). What really matters for patient safety: Correlation of nurse competence with international patient safety goals. Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management, 28, 108–115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/25160435221133955

Kim, Y., Lee, K., & Jung, M. (2024). Improvement in nurse staffing ratios according to policy changes: A prospective cohort study. BMC Nursing, 23(1), 335.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01995-w

Lee, L. (2025, June 21). How to fill a syringe. wikiHow. https://www.wikihow.com/Fill-a-Syringe

McCaughan, E., & Parahoo, K. (2000). Self-reported competence of nurses in providing care for cancer patients.

Mitsu, R. (2018). Chemotherapy: Safety strategies for nurses. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS), 7(6), 44–45. https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jnhs/papers/vol7-issue6/Version-11/F0706114445.pdf

Mohammed, H. A., Kumait, A. S., Shakoor, J. A., & Othman, P. N. (2021). Oncology nursing staff knowledge and practice behaviors toward chemotherapy impact on peripheral neuropathy: A study from North of Iraq. Bahrain Medical Bulletin, 43(4).‏

Mohammed, H. A., Shakoor, J. A., Mahmood, N. A., Kumait, A. S., & Kareem, A. M. (2023). Prevalence of cancer cases among population of Kirkuk, Iraq from 2016–2020. Rawal Medical Journal, 48(1), 3–3.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/rmj20221119075443

Mohammed Ibraheem, N., Qahtan Alrawi, N., & Banoosh, A. K. A. (2021). Assessment the characteristic features of colorectal cancer among patients attending Tikrit Teaching Hospital from 2009–2013. Kirkuk Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(1), 125–135.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.32894/kjms.2021.169421

Mohammed, S. A., & Mahmood, N. A. (2025). Needlestick and sharp injuries among nurses in Kirkuk City hospitals: Prevalence and contributing factors. Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences, 14, 33–39.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.47310/jpms2025140806

Oldland, E., Botti, M., Hutchinson, A. M., & Redley, B. (2020). A framework of nurses’ responsibilities for quality healthcare—Exploration of content validity. Collegian, 27, 150–163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2019.07.007

Sajwani, A. I., AlShdaifat, M., Hashi, F., Abdelghany, E., & Alananzeh, I. (2024). The intersection of oncology and oral health: Exploring nurses’ insights and practices—a systematic review. Supportive Care in Cancer, 32(2), 138.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-08317-5

Shamran, H. Y., & Ali, S. A. (2022). Safe handling of cytotoxic drugs practices for nurses working with patients in Middle Euphrates oncology teaching hospitals. International Journal of Health Sciences, (I), 9118–9129.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS1.7061

Sharour, L. A. (2019). A cross-sectional study on oncology nurses’ knowledge and practice of oral mucositis among cancer patients in Jordan. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(3), 283–287.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.05.005

Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R. L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2021). Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 71(3), 209–249. https://doi.org/10.3322/CAAC.21660 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660

Vera, M. (2024, October 27). 12 cancer nursing care plans. Nurseslabs. https://nurseslabs.com/cancer-nursing-care-plans/

Vorvick, L. J., Dugdale, D. C., Conaway, B., & A.D.A.M. Editorial Team. (2024, February 8). Drawing medicine out of a vial. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000530.htm

Vujanić, J., Prlić, N., & Lovrić, R. (2020). Nurses’ self-assessment of caring behaviors in nurse–patient interactions: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 5255.‏ DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145255

Wang, Y., & Feng, W. (2022). Cancer-related psychosocial challenges. General Psychiatry, 35(5), e100871. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2022-100871 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2022-100871

World Health Organization. (2020). Latest global cancer data: Cancer burden rises to 19.3 million new cases and 10.0 million cancer deaths in 2020. https://www.iarc.who.int/news-events/latest-global-cancer-data-cancer-burden-rises-to-19-3-million-new-cases-and-10-0-million-cancer-deaths-in-2020/

Zaitoun, R. A., Said, N. B., & de Tantillo, L. (2023). Clinical nurse competence and its effect on patient safety culture: A systematic review. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01305-w

Downloads

Published

2026-01-28

How to Cite

Hamdiya Dahham Muhammed, & Yousif Abdulmuhsin Salih. (2026). Assessment of Nurses’ Performance in Caring for Cancer Patients in Kirkuk City: a Cross Sectional Study. Health & Medical Sciences, 3(2), 19. https://doi.org/10.47134/phms.v3i2.586

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.