Profil Metabolom pada Infeksi Histoplasmosis: Tinjauan Literature

Kayla Kanza; Anita Susanti; Towifah Choerunisa

doi:10.47134/phms.v3i1.558

Authors

Kayla Kanza Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
Anita Liliana Susanti Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
Towifah Fauziah Choerunisa Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47134/phms.v3i1.558

Keywords:

Histoplasmosis, Histoplasma Capsulatum, Profil Metabolom, Metabolomik

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran pendekatan metabolomik dalam memahami patogenesis histoplasmosis serta potensinya dalam pengembangan biomarker dan target terapi berbasis metabolisme. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui tinjauan literatur sistematis terhadap enam studi metabolomik eksperimental dan klinis yang membahas perubahan profil metabolit selama infeksi Histoplasma capsulatum. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Histoplasma capsulatum memiliki kemampuan adaptasi metabolik yang signifikan, ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar mannitol, derivat asam amino aromatik, metabolit branched-chain amino acid, serta lipid struktural. Perubahan metabolik tersebut mencerminkan dominasi respirasi mitokondria, aktivasi jalur glukoneogenesis, serta keterlibatan siklus asam sitrat (TCA), jalur glyoxylate, dan metabolisme lipid dalam mendukung kelangsungan hidup patogen selama proses infeksi. Pada sisi inang, infeksi histoplasmosis berkaitan dengan gangguan metabolisme energi yang ditunjukkan oleh perubahan metabolit TCA, yang berperan dalam modulasi respons imun dan peningkatan stres oksidatif. Interaksi metabolik antara patogen dan inang tersebut menunjukkan adanya mekanisme adaptif yang kompleks selama perjalanan penyakit. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pendekatan metabolomik memberikan pemahaman yang komprehensif mengenai mekanisme patogenesis histoplasmosis serta memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan biomarker diagnostik dan strategi terapi yang lebih spesifik dan tepat sasaran.

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